The most comprehensive knowledge of steel structures-1

I. What is a steel structure

In scientific research terms, a steel structure is a structure mainly composed of stainless steel plates. It is one of the key types of constructional structures in current engineering. The characteristic of stainless steel plates is high tensile strength, light net weight, good overall rigidity, and strong deformation capacity. Therefore, it is particularly suitable for constructing large-span and very tall, super-heavy buildings. Steel structures are composed of steel beams, steel columns, steel tube trusses and other components; the components or the middle part of the components are welded together using electric welding, anchor bolts or rivets.

II. Characteristics of steel structures

1. The plasticity of stainless steel plates, good plastic deformation, uniform raw materials, high structural reliability, suitable for bearing destructive thrust loads, and having good building seismic resistance characteristics. The internal structure of stainless steel plates is uniform, tending towards various primary substances. The specific working characteristics of steel structures are relatively in line with basic calculation knowledge. Therefore, steel structures have high reliability.

2. High tensile strength of raw materials, relatively light net weight, high bolt strength, and high elastic modulus. Compared with concrete and wood, its density and compressive strength ratio is relatively lower. Therefore, under the same load-bearing capacity conditions, the cross-section of steel structure components is small, the weight is relatively light, which is conducive to transportation and installation, and suitable for large spans, high heights, and heavy load structures.

3. High cost-performance of steel structure sealingity, because the welded structure can ensure complete sealingity, it can be made into sealed containers, large and small sewage tanks, type II pressure vessels, etc.

4. Good heat resistance and fire safety of steel structures. When the temperature is below 150℃, the characteristics of stainless steel plates do not change much. Therefore, steel structures can be used in thermal production lines, but when the structure surface is exposed to heat radiation of about 150℃, it is necessary to use insulation materials for all aspects of maintenance and protection. When the temperature is between 300℃ - 400℃, the bolt strength and elastic modulus significantly decrease, and when the temperature is above 600℃, the tensile strength of stainless steel plates tends to zero. In projects with unique fire safety regulations, steel structures should preferably use fire-resistant and thermal insulation materials for all aspects of maintenance and protection to improve the fire resistance level.

5. Poor corrosion resistance of steel structures, especially in humid and corrosive substances environments, they are prone to rust. Generally, steel structures need anti-rust treatment, hot-dip galvanizing or industrial coatings, and maintenance and repair. For the seabed integrated service platform structure located at sea level, different preventive measures such as "zinc block anode protection" should be adopted to provide anti-corrosion.

6. High automation mechanical technology in steel structure production and installation. Steel structure components are conducive to being produced and processed in factories and assembled on the construction site. The production of steel structure components in manufacturing plants is high in precision, high in production efficiency, and the assembly speed on the construction site is quite fast, and it is suitable for tight schedules. Steel structure is the structure with the highest level of intelligence.